Almost every second man experiences prostatitis at different ages. This disease is associated with an inflammatory process in the prostate, which can be caused by stagnant processes in the pelvic area, various infections. If the result of the analysis showed the presence of pathogens in the prostate secretion, the doctor diagnoses bacterial prostatitis. Why does the disease develop and how is it treated?
Causes
Based on the name, it becomes clear that the main reason for the development of the disease is the entry of bacteria into the prostate. The causal factors can be:
- Intestinal and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Staphylococcal disease.
- Enterococcus.
- Klebsiella.
- Enterobacter.
- Proteus.
- Sexually Transmitted Infections.
Many pathogenic microorganisms are always present in the human body without harming it. However, when favorable conditions arise, the infection begins to develop actively, causing the disease. These favorable conditions for bacteria include:
- Diseases of the urinary system.
- Bacterial infections that develop in the body and can enter the prostate gland through the blood or lymph fluid.
- Prostate tuberculosis.
- Acute epididymitis.
- Catheterization of the urethra.
- Reflux (endoprostatic or urethroprostatic), when disease-causing organisms enter the prostate.
- Diuretic surgeries performed without prior antibiotic treatment.
- Violation of urination due to the abnormal structure of the bladder.
- Conditions associated with decreased immune defenses (AIDS, diabetes, dialysis).
When bacteria enter the prostate area, the pathogenic microflora begins to grow actively and an inflammatory process occurs in the organ.
Risk factors that increase the chance of developing prostatitis include:
- Common diseases of the urogenital system of an infectious nature.
- The presence of helminth infestations and other parasites.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Incomplete or untimely emptying of the bladder.
- Hypothermia.
- Irritation of the urethra with chemicals.
- Provocative sex life, lack of contraception.
The main causes of the development of prostate inflammation
- Prolonged sexual abstinence.
- The presence of bad habits.
- Weakening of immunity.
- Inadequate nutrition.
- Dehydration of the body.
- A sedentary lifestyle, which leads to the appearance of stagnant processes in the pelvic area.
- Frequent stressful situations.
Symptoms
It is simply impossible not to notice the symptoms of bacterial prostatitis, as this form of the disease begins acutely. The patient is concerned about:
- Increased body temperature, accompanied by chills.
- Painful sensations in the perineum, lower abdomen and waist.
- Painful urination. The patient experiences pain and a burning sensation in the urethra, which become particularly intense at night.
- Difficulty urinating, feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.
- Constipation is possible due to the pressure of the anus from an inflammation of the prostate.
- Signs of intoxication of the body (headache, general weakness of the body, physical pain).
- Discharge from the urethra.
The symptoms of the disease also vary depending on the stage of bacterial prostatitis:
- At the beginning of the disease, the inflammation does not spread outside the prostate. A man is worried about pain in the perineum, which may radiate to the sacrum. Urination is fast and painful.
- In the second stage, the inflammation passes to the prostate lobes. In this case, the pain increases and can be given to the anus. Urination is significantly reduced, until it is fully retained.
- With an advanced form of bacterial prostatitis, the inflammation spreads to all the prostate lobes. The patient complains of signs of general intoxication of the body. The body temperature rises to 40 degrees. The delay in urination becomes acute. There are throbbing sensations in the perineum. Frequent constipation occurs.
Possible complications
In case of early or poor quality treatment, acute bacterial prostatitis can seriously damage a man's health and life. The most dangerous of these is rot.
Infection can also rise above the prostate gland and lead to pyelonephritis or cystitis.
Bacterial prostatitis can turn into a chronic form, the treatment of which is often difficult and leads to complications such as: adenoma, infertility, impotence, etc.
Diagnostics
Since bacterial prostatitis has characteristic symptoms, it is usually quite easy to diagnose. If the disease is not acute, the doctor will perform a rectal examination to detect the area of the gland and take a sample of the secretion for analysis. The following studies help in the diagnosis:
- Clinical and bacterial analysis of the patient's blood and urine.
- Prostate ultrasound.
- Blood PSA.
- Analysis of scraping of the epithelium from the urethra.
Treatment
The risk of bacterial prostatitis is that it is capable of becoming chronic in the shortest possible time. Therefore, it is so important to start treatment when you spot the first signs of the disease. After all, the chronic form of the disease contributes to the spread of the inflammatory process in the surrounding tissues and organs. If you ignore the treatment and do not take certain medications, then the prostate may atrophy completely.
Antibiotics are prescribed to treat bacterial prostatitis. Only a doctor can recommend this or that drug after examination and obtaining the result of microbiological tests.
Treatment with antibacterial drugs is considered the most appropriate for the bacterial nature of the disease. Due to the fact that antibiotics are able to make the tissues of the organs permeable, the drug can penetrate freely to the site of inflammation.
In the treatment of bacterial prostatitis, the following antibiotics are prescribed:
- Ampicillins.
- Macrolide formulations are quite effective in combating many disease pathogens.
- Cephalosporin drugs are effective in the acute phase of the disease.
- Fluoroquinolones are particularly sensitive to many bacteria. Due to the fact that these drugs have a large number of side effects, they are prescribed with caution.
- Tetracyclines can be difficult to tolerate, so recently, they have been very rarely prescribed.
The course of treatment with antibiotics can not be less than 10 days.
In addition, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for treatment. They effectively relieve pain and inflammation of the prostate.
If problems with urination are observed, the patient is shown the use of α-blockers, which lead to a decrease in the tension in the smooth muscles of the urethra and bladder.
Bacterial prostatitis is often accompanied by a depressive state and frequent changes in the patient's mood. In such cases, the doctor recommends the use of drugs with a sedative effect.
If the disease is severe, the patient needs detoxification treatment, which consists of intravenous administration of glucose, saline solution with trace elements and vitamin complexes. It is important for a man to adhere to the drink and drink at least 2 liters of clean water a day.
The treatment regimen for prostatitis with drugs should aim to normalize blood circulation in the pelvic area and increase the body's defenses. To do this, use:
- Complexes of vitamins and minerals.
- Anticonvulsants.
- Immunomodulators.
- Organic.
In addition to taking medication, your doctor will recommend that you make a microclister with a decoction of medicinal herbs (chamomile, calendula). The use of topical preparations in the case of bacterial prostatitis should be strictly limited, as there is a high risk of various complications.
After the elimination of the inflammatory process, the patient is prescribed physiotherapy treatment (electrical stimulation of the prostate, magnetotherapy and so on). They help speed up recovery and are performed on an external basis.
In extreme cases, when taking medication did not give the desired result, the doctor may decide on surgery. Such an intervention consists of prostate resection and is usually performed in older men. Young people have not been prescribed such treatment due to possible complications (urination, impotence, infertility).
If bacterial prostatitis becomes chronic, it is quite difficult to treat. We must remember that it is no longer possible to do this at home.
Precautionary measures
Better prevention of bacterial prostatitis is an active lifestyle. This is due to the fact that the gland itself is poorly supplied with blood. Therefore, those who have sedentary work should take regular breaks to walk a little or do special exercises (pulling the anal muscles).
A contrast shower gives a good result. In this case, a stream of water is directed directly to the perineal area. Hot (hot) water usage time is 30 seconds, cool - should not exceed 15 seconds. The average duration of the procedure should be 5 minutes.
Precautionary measures also include:
- Avoid hypothermia of the body.
- Fight constipation. If you can not get rid of them yourself, you should see a doctor who will advise mild laxatives.
- Normalization of sexual activity (choice of permanent partner, use of a condom in case of disputed intercourse, avoidance of prolonged absence or overly active sex).
- Regular preventive examination by a urologist for all men over 40-45 years.
Forecast
What are the consequences of bacterial prostatitis in a man? The success of treatment depends on how timely and effectively the treatment is prescribed. In addition, this is affected by the patient's age, lifestyle, disease stage and the presence of other diseases in the body.
The acute phase responds well to medication, which, after a few days, significantly improves the condition of the man. But with improper treatment or discontinuation, it is possible for recurrence and transition of prostatitis to a chronic form, which proves to be much more difficult to treat.
To avoid the unpleasant consequences of bacterial prostatitis, it is important for a man to monitor his health, take precautions and in case of discomfort in the perineal area, consult a doctor.